Human Resource Management as a study

DIMAPUR — With a keen focus on Human Resource Management and Organizational Behaviour, Dr. Aastha Tripathi expertise illuminates facets of modern workplace dynamics and leadership strategies. She is currently an assistant professor at the Centre for Social and Organisational Leadership, School of Management and Labour Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS).  

Prior to her stint at TISS, Tripathi was a Post-doctoral Researcher at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA) and as a Senior Research Scientist at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IITD). She has also shared her expertise as a Guest Lecturer at the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), Lucknow, and Prayagraj Branch. She was recently conferred with the 'Young Woman Researcher' award by the Venus International Foundation.

Tripathi also contributes to several Editorial Advisory Boards of esteemed journals, including the International Journal of Organizational Analysis, the International Journal of Knowledge Management, etc. Her research has been published in renowned journals such as the American Business Review, the International Journal of Organisational Analysis, among others. 

In an interview with Eastern Mirror, the assistant professor gives a gist of Human Resource Management (HRM) as a study and its scope. 

For students interested in pursuing HRM, what are some essential skills and qualities they should develop?

• Understanding of HRM principles: This includes knowledge of recruitment, talent management, compensation and benefits, employee relations, and labour law. You can gain this knowledge through coursework, industry certifications, or online resources
• Problem-solving and critical thinking: HR professionals encounter a variety of challenges. Being able to analyse situations, identify solutions, and make sound decisions is essential.

What does the study of Human Resources/Organizational Behavior involve? 

The study of Human Resources (HR) and Organizational Behavior (OB) is a multifaceted approach to understanding how people interact and function within organisational settings. It aims to:

• Explain, predict, and influence employee behaviour: This includes motivation, leadership styles, decision-making processes, and group dynamics.
• Optimise organisational effectiveness: By fostering a positive work environment, improving communication, and promoting employee well-being, HR and OB practices aim to enhance productivity and achieve organisational goals.

Here is how HR and OB differ from other related fields:

• Psychology: While psychology studies human behaviour in general, HR and OB focus specifically on behaviour within organisations. HR professionals might use psychological principles for developing training programs or recruitment strategies.
• Sociology: Sociology examines social structures and institutions on a larger scale. HR and OB, on the other hand, delve deeper into the dynamics of smaller social units like teams within an organisation.

Key topics and theories in HR and OB:

• Motivation: Theories like Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory explore what drives employees to perform well.
• Leadership: Different leadership styles (e.g., transformational, transactional) and their effectiveness in various situations are analysed.
• Group Dynamics: How groups form, communicate, make decisions, and resolve conflicts are key areas of study.

What are the admission requirements for the course? 

The admission requirements can vary significantly based on the specific level of education (undergraduate, postgraduate, or doctorate), the institution offering the course, and the country where you are applying. While there are no strict academic prerequisites for most HR courses, certain foundational knowledge and skills can be advantageous.

Recommended Background Knowledge

Basic understanding of business operations: This includes knowledge of finance, marketing, and operations.

Strong interpersonal and communication skills: HR professionals interact with people at all levels of an organisation, so effective communication is essential.

Problem-solving and decision-making abilities: HR involves tackling complex issues related to people, requiring strong analytical and problem-solving skills.

Basic understanding of labour laws and regulations: Knowledge of employment laws is fundamental to HR roles.

In what ways is the course structured?

• Case studies and discussions: HRM courses heavily utilise real-world scenarios to illustrate the application of HR practices. Students analyse case studies, participate in class discussions, and debate different approaches to HR challenges.
• Simulations and role-playing: These activities can involve students taking on the roles of HR professionals, managers, or employees to experience real-world HR scenarios firsthand.
• Field trips: Some courses may include visits to organisations to observe HR practices in action and network with HR professionals.

How important is practical experience through internships or projects for students? 

Practical experience through internships or projects is incredibly important for students. 

Bridging the knowledge gap: Textbooks and lectures provide a strong foundation, but practical experience allows students to see how theoretical concepts are applied in real-world situations. This can significantly deepen understanding and retention of knowledge.

Developing essential skills: Internships and projects offer opportunities to hone critical skills like problem-solving, communication, teamwork, and time management. These are highly sought-after skills by employers in any field.

Types of internships and opportunities:

The best type of internship or project depends on a student's field of study and career goals. Here are some recommendations:

• Field-Specific Internships: These internships directly relate to a student's major or desired career path. They provide valuable hands-on experience and networking opportunities within a specific industry such as: tech giants, financial institutions, Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies, healthcare providers, etc.
• Research Projects: Participating in research projects allows students to delve deeper into a particular topic and develop research skills. This can be particularly beneficial for those considering careers in academia or research-oriented fields such as: NGOs, social enterprises, etc.

Can you share us the career paths that students often pursue after completing this course? 

This course opens doors to a variety of career paths!
HR Manager: Leads the HR department, overseeing all HR activities and ensuring compliance with labour laws.

Training and Development Specialist: Designs and delivers training programs to enhance employee skills and knowledge.

HR Consultant: Provides HR expertise to organisations on a freelance or contract basis.

How is the field of HRM evolving today?

The field of HRM is undergoing some exciting transformations today. Here are some key trends shaping its evolution:

1. Rise of digital HRM: Technology is playing an increasingly central role in HRM. HR professionals are leveraging HR information systems, online recruitment platforms, and data analytics to streamline processes and employee experience.

2. Prioritising Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DE&I): DE&I is no longer a buzzword; it is a core principle for many organisations. HR is taking the lead in creating inclusive workplaces, promoting equal opportunities, and attracting a diverse talent pool.

What are some challenges you see facing HR professionals today, and how can students prepare themselves to tackle these challenges in their future careers?

HR professionals today face a complex and ever-evolving landscape. Some of the key challenges are:

The war for talent: A competitive job market with skilled labour shortages makes attracting and retaining top talent a constant battle. HR needs to develop strong employer branding and craft compelling Employee Value Propositions (EVPs) to stand out.

Technological transformation: Automation and AI are changing the nature of work. HR needs to equip employees with the skills they need to adapt and thrive in this new landscape.

So, how can students prepare for these challenges?

• Develop a strong skill set: Focus on building core HR skills like recruitment, compensation and benefits, performance management, and conflict resolution.
• Become business acumen savvy: Understand the broader business context and how HR can contribute to organisational goals.

What advice would you give to students who are considering a career within this field?

• Assess your skills: Reflect on your strengths in areas like communication, empathy, problem-solving, and organisation. These are all crucial for HR professionals.
• Develop key skills: Focus on honing your communication, interpersonal, and analytical skills. Courses in business law, psychology, and HR Information Systems (HRIS) can be beneficial.
• Gain practical experience: Look for internships or volunteer opportunities in HR departments. This hands-on experience will give you a taste of the field and make your resume more competitive.
• Follow industry trends: Keep up-to-date with current trends in HR, such as talent acquisition strategies, employee engagement initiatives, and legal developments in the workplace.

RAPID INSIGHTS:

What do you like most about TISS, Mumbai campus?

The culture, academic excellence, and vibrant community are what fascinate me the most.

If you had three wishes, what would they be?

i) Greater happiness and fulfillment, ii) Good health and well-being, iii) Making a positive impact on others

When do you feel the happiest?

I derive the greatest happiness from perceiving my life as imbued with substantial meaning and purpose. Contributing positively to society is a source of profound fulfillment that significantly enhances my overall well-being.