Covid-19 in the Context of Animal-Human Interface

General awareness and precautionary measures

1. What causes Covid-19
   Covid -19 is caused by Corona virus (CoV) named as SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). The specific virus is referred to as COVID-19 virus and the disease is termed as Covid-19
2. Has Covid -19 reported in domestic animals and wildlife in India
   Covid-19 has not been reported in domestic animals or wildlife in India so far
3. Which animals are susceptible and which are not to Covid-19 infection
   Cats, dogs, ferrets and tigers were found to be susceptible to Covid-19 experimental infection. Pigs, chickens, ducks and other livestock species such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat did not appear to be susceptible to infection with Covid-19 virus.
4. Are animals responsible for spreading Covid-19
   Currently, there is no evidence to suggest that animals infected by humans are playing a role in the spread of Covid-19.
5. What do we know about Covid-19 virus and pet animals
   The current spread of Covid-19 is a result of human to human transmission. To date, there is no evidence that pet animals play a significant role in spreading the disease.
6. What precautionary measures should be taken when pet or other animals having close contact with humans who are sick or suspected with Covid-19
   Animals and people can sometimes share diseases known as zoonotic diseases. It is recommended that people who are sick with Covid-19 should maintain distancing with pet and other animals
7. What precautionary measures should be taken when handling sick animals
   When handling and caring for sick animals, basic hygiene measures should always be implemented. This include hand washing before and after handling animals, their food, or supplies, as well as avoiding kissing, licking or sharing food.
8. Are there any precautions to take with live animals or animal products
   When visiting live animal markets, wet markets or animal product (meat, milk, egg) markets, general hygiene measures should be applied. These include regular hand washing with soap and potable water after touching animals and animal products, as well as avoid touching eyes, nose or mouth, and avoid contact with sick animals or spoiled animal products
9. What if I or someone in my household get Covid-19
   If you are sick, avoid or minimise close contact with your animals as a precaution. This includes face-to-face contact, sharing food and close sleeping arrangements with your pets.

Dr. Temsumeren
Director
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services
Nagaland; Kohima